Kanheri Caves
Situated in the heart of Mumbai’s National Park, the complex contains more than a hundred tiny cells cut into the flank of a hill, each fitted with a stone plinth that evidently served as a bed. There is also a congregation hall supported by huge stone pillars that contains the dagoba, a kind of Buddhist shrine. Kanheri originates from the Sanskrit word Krishnagiri. Krishna generally stands for black color. The other name in vogue was “Khaneri” which means Black Mountain. These caves are dated from 1st Century B.C. to 9th Century A.D. There is also a huge congregation hall supported by mammoth pillars that contain the dagoba - a Buddhist shrine. The caves are located on a hilltop and provide an exquisite view of the surrounding hills. An unusual feature at Kanheri is the number of open benches cut out of rocks. Almost all the caves have benches in their verandahs or front courts. Sit down on one of these. And with the evening breeze that comes from the sea refreshing you, you realize their purpose at once.
There are over 1000 caves in all - all Buddhist - believed to have been built between the 2nd and 9th centuries AD. The situation of the caves on an eminence make them a very charming spot. Only four or five of the caves have designs and carvings which render them remarkable. One of the highlights of Sanjay Gandhi National Park was the Kanheri Caves. This network of more than a hundred ancient Buddhist Temples, dating as far back as the 1st century B.C. is carved directly into volcanic rock faces. There is also a congregation hall supported by huge stone pillars that contains the dagoba, a kind of Buddhist shrine. And if you pick your way up the hill you will find channels and cisterns that are remnants of an ancient water system that channeled rainwater into huge urns. In fact, Kanheri is probably the only clue to the rise and fall of Buddhism in Western India.
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